The+Cold+War-The+Early+Years

**Copy this page onto a new page in your online notebook. To get an overview of the origins of the Cold War, begin by reading[|Allies to Enemies: Origins of the Cold War] from ABC-CLIO.** **Use pages 794-799 in //Creating America// and** **[|“The Cold War” research list on ABC-CLIO]** **to** **develop a complete description** **for each event or idea from the early years of the Cold War.** **This information will help set the stage for tomorrow's activity. Use the first entry as an example for detail.**


 * **THE YALTA CONFERENCE**
 * **Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe**
 * **Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies**
 * **Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections**
 * **United Nations will be formed**
 * **USSR is given great influence over Eastern Europe, and new government must be "Soviet freindly"**
 * **the roots of the Cold War are established** || [[image:turningpoints2010:yalta.jpg height="227" align="center" caption="yalta.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:un.gif align="center" caption="un.gif"]] || **THE UNITED NATIONS


 * The U.S. appealed to the United Nations to stop the communist move into South Korea
 * 16 nations provided soldiers
 * U.S. made up most of the force and did most of the fighting
 * General Douglas MacArthur- commander of all UN forces
 * Requested to pursue enemy into North Korea
 * UN force pushed northward beyond the 38th parallel
 * **CONTAINMENT
 * **CONTAINMENT


 * Policy first implemented by the United States in 1947
 * prevent through political, economical, and diplomatic methods
 * the growth of a hostile country's territory
 * limit the country's ideological influence
 * || [[image:webkit-fake-url://A0BF5B4F-3F5B-4024-AA25-BA8167FF77A1/kennan.jpg caption="kennan.jpg"]] || [[image:turningpoints2010:kennan.jpg height="218" align="center" caption="George Kenean"]] ||
 * George Kenean ||  ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:truman.jpg align="center" caption="truman.jpg"]] || **THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE
 * at this time for your consideration and decision concerns Greece and Turkey
 *  forces of liberation entered Greece they found that the retreating Germans had destroyed virtually all the railways, roads, port facilities, communications, and merchant marine
 * Greek government has also asked for the assistance of experienced American administrators, economists, and technicians to insure that the financial and other aid given to Greece shall be used effectively
 * Greek government has been operating in an atmosphere of chaos and extremism
 * free peoples of the world look to us for support in maintaining their freedoms
 * may endanger the peace of the world—and we shall surely endanger the welfare of our own nation
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN


 * hoping to prevent the spread of communism
 * came up with plan to revive the war-torn economies of Europe
 * offered $13 billion in aid to western and southern Europe
 * helped nations of Europe rebuild
 * approving a huge airlift of food, fuel, and equipment into the city
 * cargo planes made 275,000 flights into Berlin
 * carried supplies to city residents
 * Germany had been divided into communist East Germany and democratic West Germany
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:marshall.jpg align="center" caption="marshall.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:airlift.jpg height="261" align="center" caption="airlift.jpg"]] || **THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT


 * Germany's former capital lay within the eastern zone, still held by the Soviet Union
 * divided into East and West Berlin
 * Stalin hoped to force the Western powers to abandon the city
 * forces blocked access to Berlin
 * Trumen responded by approving a huge airlift of food, fuel, and equipment into the city
 * made 275.000 flights into Berlin
 * carried supplies to city residents
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT


 * alarm over communist control of Eastern Europe
 * led to formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
 * alliance with United States, Canada, and ten Western European nations
 * Soviet Union and Eastern European nations formed the Warsaw Pact
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:nato.png height="286" align="center" caption="nato.png"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg height="229" align="center" caption="19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg"]] || **THE RED SCARE, THE ROSENBERGS, AND HUAC


 * anticommunist crusade gave new life to the House Un-American Activities Committee
 * HUAC began targeting actors, directors, and writers in movie industry
 * lists of names circulated among Hollywood movie studios
 * blacklists
 * careers ruined
 * fear of communism dominated American life
 * **COMMUNISM IN CHINA
 * saw movement of UN forces into North Korea as a threat to China's security
 * warned that a further advance would force them to enter the war
 * troops attacked in human waves
 * drove UN troops back to South Korea
 * permission to blockade China's coastline and bomb China
 * Trumen ordered him home
 * came to agree with the presidents actions
 * came to agree with the presidents actions

|| ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif height="225" align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] || **THE KOREAN WAR

No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity** ||
 * **MCCARTHYISM** * **used the Korean War to fan Americans fears of communism**
 * **stand for reckless charges against innocent citizens**
 * **accused the U.S. army of "coddling communists"**
 * **army spoksmen charged McCarthy's staff with improper conduct**
 * **responded with unsupported charges against a young lawyer helping to represent the Army**
 * **Americans shocked by McCarthy's conduct**
 * **faded from public view** || [[image:turningpoints2010:180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg align="center" caption="180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:1sputnik.jpg height="225" align="center" caption="1sputnik.jpg"]] || **THE SPACE RACE
 * Soviet Union stunned the world by launching the world's first space satellite
 * Soviet Union had a missile powerful enough to reach the United States
 * American scientists raced to launch a satellite
 * set aside billions of dollars for space research
 * set up meeting with Paris
 * soviets shot down an American U-2 plane
 * denied the aircraft was a spy plane until the pilot was captured